Medical risks related to the consumption of the market-gardening products cultivated in the urban and periurbaine zone of Bamako.

Abstract

The truck farming in the urban and perished urban zone of Bamako proliferated initially in the district of Bamako and the zones close to the city. It became very intense in the town of Bamako, along the rivers, of bottoms melt and the zones considered no suitable. This practical agricultural current will be able it to have a negative impact on pubic health and the environment. Used water, the polluted grounds and the agricultural intrants can be sources of contaminants of market-gardening products. This study was carried out with an aim of To seek heavy metals and the residues of the pesticides (organochlorinated, carbamates) in the market-gardening products and to determine the microbiological quality of the market-gardening products most cultivated in the sites retained for evaluate the exposure of the population to the medical risks related to the consumption of the market-gardening products. A cross-sectional study by reasoned choice was carried out in Baguineda and Kati in zone périurbaine and in Bamako in urban zone in May 2009. In each site two types of taking away were carried out according to the nature of the water of watering (tablecloth and surface water). Chemical analyses and microbiological were carried out as well as A nalyse of the chemical contaminants for the research of heavy metals (Pb, Cd), of organochlorinated and D E S carbamates according to the method of spectrophotometry with flame. The level of contamination of lettuce and other market-gardening products by the total and fecal coliformes, the salmonellas, largely exceeds the acceptable levels of contamination. Lead was detected in all the market-gardening products on the other hand Cadmium was found only in the cabbage samples. Concentrations of residues of pesticides, often raised, were found in all the analyzed market-gardening products. Often, one finds more than one residue of pesticide in the same plant. The strong concentrations of residue of pesticides detected in the market-gardening products resulting from the urban truck farming and périurbain from Bamako constitute the principal dangers to which the consumers of these products are exposed. To minimize the risks incurred by the population, it would be necessary to sensitize, train and inform the producers and the consumers on the risks related on the activity of truck farming and consumption of the products resulting from the truck farming.