Hemoglobonoses C and S and the persistence of the gene F in community medium in the District of Bamako in Mali

Abstract

With an aim of determining the prevalence of the hemoglobinoses S, C and the persistence of the foetal hemoglobine F at community level in the district of Bamako, a descriptive study by simple random sampling with three degrees was carried out of the 12 May at 5 June 200 7 near 827 old people of more than 6 months (290 children, 283 mothers and 242 fathers) set out again between 267 households drawn with the fate in three communes (communes I, IV and VI) and three districts from the district of Bamako (Sotuba in commune 1 with 246 people, Hamdallaye in commune IV with 294 people and Faladié in commune VI with 287 people). Blood taking away were carried out for Identification of the genes S, C and F by electrophoresis on acetate in alkaline medium, then the test of Daland and Castle using the meta bisulfite to 2% had been used for confirmation of the presence of gene S. The prevalence of the hemoglobinoses in the district of Bamako was 25 % left again between the forms S with 12,6%, the form C with 8,8% and F with 3,6 % forms it. the distribution of various genes according to studied localities' gave similar levels of prevalence per gene, with however a light prevalence of the gene F in Sotuba (12,3 %), genes S and C with Hamdallaye (28,1 % and 23,6%). The distribution of various genes according to the family statute gave a light prevalence of the form S in the fathers (14,1% for an average of 12,7%), on the other hand the gene C dominated in the mothers with 11,3 % for an average of 8,8%. As for the gene F, its prevalence is the same one in the mothers and the children (respectively 7,9 % and 6,9 %) whereas it is only 2,9 % at the men. Haemoglobins which strike the quarter of the population of Bamako nowadays constitute still a true problem of health which, in the etiologic absence of treatment request the installation of an early diagnosis and genetic councils adapted to reduce its incidence.