Rabies in Mali, analysis of animal rabies surveillance data from 2009 to 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Rabies is an infectious, inoculable disease caused by a virus of the genus Lyssavirus. Human contamination is by biting or scratching by a rabid dog. Laboratories are an essential part of surveillance for this disease. The objective of this study was to analyze data from the rabies database in Mali from 2009 to 2018. Methods: This was a descriptive study from June 6 to 30, 2019. We carried out a documentary review and used data from the Access Base of the results sent to the Central Veterinary Laboratory by the National Directorate of Veterinary Services. The 10-year data, from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018, were exported to Excel 2013 and analyzed on EpiInfo7. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test were used to test the link between the variables. Results: The average age of biting dogs was 2.78 years. Males were more common with 81.86%. The dogs were mostly urban (72.55%). The incidence of rabies was 39.92%. Dogs bit more in the dry season (61.27%). Aggression (74.02%) was the dominant sign, followed by fury with 57.35%. The frequency of vaccination in dogs in our study was 4.41%. Conclusion: The incidence of rabies was 39.92%. The males were much more involved in the contamination, which was done more dry season. The frequency of vaccination was very low. The study suggests stepping up vaccination measures for dogs.