Determinants of severe acute malnutrition with complications among children under 5 in the Banamba health district, Mali, 2014-2018

Abstract

Introduction: The district of Banamba recorded a malnutrition morbidity rate of 13% linked to malnutrition. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of severe and complicated malnutrition in children under the age of five in the Banamba health district in Mali. Methodology: It was a retrospective cross-sectional held in October 2019. Data collection from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 was collected. Analysis was done using Epi info 7.2 and Excel 2013 software. We present descriptive results and analytics one using Fisher Exact test and prevalence ratio. Results: We recorded a total of 171 cases of malnutrition including 10 cases (5.85%) of kwashiorkor and 161 cases (94.15%) of marasmus. Almost all (93.57%) came from rural areas. The sex ratio was 1.04. more than half (56.72%) were between 6 and 23 months old. Almost all the mothers were married (94.15%) and housewives (95.32%). Few of them (8.19%) were in school. Early weaning was widely practiced with 94.15%. Admission to Intensive Nutritional Recovery and Education Unit (URENI) was spontaneous for the vast majority (96.91%). Breastfeeding was not exclusive for almost all women with 99.42%. No significant association was found between the factors and severe acute malnutrition Conclusion: Our study concerned 171 malnourished children with complications. Male factors, place of rural residence, housework and mothers who were not in school were in the majority, but were not associated with the occurrence of clinical forms of malnutrition with complications.