Improving the quality of the implementation of seasonal malaria chemotherapy prevention: Formative research in Koulikoro in Mali in 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the wide deployment of malaria control interventions, prevalence and incidence remain high in Mali. Chemoprevention of seasonal malaria as recommended in 2012 by WHO is being implemented to address this. The International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) is conducting implementation research to explore the use of new molecules for SMC and for target extension. As part of this action research, formative research (FR) is being conducted to better understand the factors that can improve implementation in communities. Methods: The FR is qualitative and took place in Koulikoro between June and August 2020 using 24 individual interviews, 12 focus groups and 27 directs observations. A thematic analysis was done with triangulation of information from discussions and observations. Results: 90% of participants had a good knowledge of SMC and its usefulness, as well as the target and the molecules used. Fear of side effects was a major barrier to adherence, as well as conspiracy theories about the drugs. DHA/PQ was more popular than SP/AQ because it had fewer side effects according to participants. Conclusion: RF has a crucial role in improving the quality of such interventions. It has shown that the communities have a good knowledge of SPC and its effects on children's health. However, there is a need for more information on side effects and assurance on their management in order to ensure that the three doses per course are taken correctly.

Key words: chemoprevention of seasonal malaria; Koulikoro; formative research.