Profile of diabetics hospitalized in the Internal Medicine department of the Ndamatou hospital in Touba, Senegal

Abstract

Introduction: In Senegal, diabetes has become a public health problem. The objective was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, evolutionary and therapeutic profile of diabetics hospitalized in Ndamatou de Touba. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2019 on hospitalized diabetic patients. Results: Of the nine hundred and thirty-eight (938) patients hospitalized in the medical department, one hundred and seventy (170) were diabetic, a frequency of 18.12%. The average age was 51.78 years with extremes of 16 and 92 years. There were more women (58.8%) than men (42.2%), for a sex ratio (m / f) of 0.70. The mean hospital stay was 5.11 days with extremes of 1 to 31 days. Type 2 diabetes was predominantly represented with 75%. 29.1% had inaugural diabetes. The mean HbA1C was 8.97%. Ketoacidosis was noted in 61.8%, hypoglycemia 2.4%. Hypertension was found in 44.7% of hospitalized diabetic patients and obesity in 5.9%. The imbalance factor was infection in 62.0% of cases and skin infection accounted for 43.8%. One hundred and fifty-three (153) patients were on insulin or 90%, seventeen (17) patients on oral antidiabetics or 10%. Twelve (12) patients had died, or 7.1%. Old age (over 60) and type 2 diabetes were risk factors for death. Conclusion: Our health authorities must put in place a prevention policy focused mainly on primary prevention and screening.