Collective food poisoning in Mougna (Boura) Health district of Yorosso, Region of Sikasso-Mali

Abstract

Résultats : Nous avons eu 13 cas dont huit (8) décès soit une létalité de 62 % et 100% (13/13) des cas ont été hospitalisés. L’âge médian était de 15 ans, les cinq personnes vivantes ont évolué de manière satisfaisante soit 38% (5/13) de taux de guérison à l’hôpital, durée moyenne de séjour a été de 3 jours, les signes les plus fréquents ont été le vomissement 77% (10/13), douleur abdominal et la diarrhée 46% (6/13) chacun. Les 92% (12) des cas ont consommé « to » avec sauce gombo et dah qui ont été les plus incriminés avec un risque relatif (RR = 12 et IC = 95%), le sexe féminin représentait 62% (8/13) des cas. Conclusion : Il s’agissait d’une toxiinfection alimentaire collective survenue au niveau d’une seule famille par suite de consommation de repas familiale à base de « tô » de maïs avec sauce de gombo et dâh. L’agent causal n’a pas été retrouvé parce que les échantillons de reste des aliments et eaux de boisons envoyés au laboratoire de référence INSP et LNS à Bamako, les résultats n’ont pas été communiqués. Mots clés : Investigation, TIAC, Boura Sikasso, Mali, Novembre 2019 Abstract Introduction: Collective food poisoning in Mali is a poorly documented public health problem. Food poisoning being an event under surveillance with under notification in the region, it is the case of death of a child by the CSCom of Boura. The detection of similar cases 12 cases from the same family at the end of November revealed food poisoning. We conducted an investigation, the objective of which was to describe the cases, determine the causal factors and implement measures to prevent and control the epidemic. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in December 2019, a poisoning case was anyone who consumed food in K house with at least one of the symptoms abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea and / or vomiting residing in the Mougna village, Boura health area from 10/31/2019 to 11/3/2019, We searched for other unreported cases based on data collected using a quiz. The data was analyzed in time, place and person. Frequencies, relative risk and rates were calculated. Result: We had 13 cases including eight (8) deaths, i.e. a lethality of 62% and 100% (13/13) of cases were hospitalized and average length of stay was 3 days. The median age was 15 years, the five living people evolved satisfactorily with a 38% (5/13) cure rate. The 92% (12/13) of the cases consumed to with okra and dah sauce which was the most incriminated with a relative risk (RR = 12 and IC = 95%), the female sex represented 62% (8/13) of the cases. Cases were treated infusion with Ringer's lactate, 0.9% saline, antibiotic; antiemetic and atropine. Conclusion: This is a collective food poisoning of a single family following consumption of a family meal based on corn tô with okra and dah sauce. The source of contamination was not found and the rest of the food and drinking water were sent to the INSP and LNS reference laboratory in Bamako.