Clinical and epidemiological aspects of the lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients in Commune I of Bamako, Mali

Abstract

Introduction:Dyslipidemia is a common phenomenon with changes in dietary habits and behaviors such as sedentariness. The objective was to study the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients in Commune I of the district of Bamako.Patients and methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All type 2 diabetic patients with lipid assessment (High Density Lipoproteins -Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoproteins -Cholesterol (LDL-C), Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (CT)) were included during the study period. The data were entered on EPI Data 3.5.1 and then analyzed on SPSS 22 .0.Results:We collected data from 66 type 2 diabetic patients. The mean age ± standard deviation was 54.9 ± 12 years. The female sex represented 77.3% of the patients, 53% were housewives and 34.8% were obese. In total, 57.6% of patients had diabetes progressing for more than 2 years. Blood sugar at discovery and blood pressure was high in 48.5% and 42.4% of patients respectively. Hypertriglycelemia was found in 15.2% of patients. Total hypercholesterolemia was 39.4%. The frequency of dyslipidemia was 24.2%. Neuropathies and retinopathies were the most frequent complications with 18.2% and 9.1% respectively. The majorityof patients (63.6%) were treated with the combination of "Hygienic Diet" and "Oral Anti Diabetics". The outcome was favorable for 87.9% of the patients, and there a frequency of death of 1.5%.Conclusion:this study observed a high frequency of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. These results support the need to improve the control of these lipid abnormalities to reduce cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetics.