Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery in human medicine in conflict zone in Mali

Abstract

Objective: Identify antibiotics used and to assess our practice in human medicine.Patients and Method: Prospective study of 30 days. The data processing and analysis has been done with Windows 8, Epi info 3.5.3 fr and khi² for the statistical test. Results: Sixty three (63) patients met the criteria. The average age was 33.3 ± 18.5 years ago. Rurals women predominated. The emergency cases represented 65.1%. The indication was Gyneco-obstetric in 63.5%, followed by visceral surgery in 20.6%, urology in 11.1% and traumatology in 4.8%. The patients were ASA I in 69.8%. The Altemeier class was II in 81%. An antibiotic prophylaxis was done in 88.9%. The β-lactams in monotherapy were the most used in 84.1% followed by the association of β-lactam-imidazole in 9.5%, the association β lactam-aminoglycoside in 1.6% and quinolones in 1.6%. The delay between antibiotic administration and anesthetic induction was: 6 ± 2, 4 minutes. Antibiotic has been administered between 25 and 40 minutes before surgical incision. An infectious complication was observed in 11.1%. The evolution was favorable in 98.4%.  Conclusion: Even in health crisis situation, the antibiotic use to the surgery room must meet criteria including microbial ecology and the operating sites are important.