Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to identify the associated resistances and to analyze the factors. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients and volunteers. After their informed consent, nasal swabs performed in patients which is use to isolate and identify Staphylococcus aureus by cultural and biochemical characteristics. The resistance to methicillin and the associated resistances were determined by testing the susceptibility of the strains by the disc diffusion method according to the recommendations of committee of the French Society of Microbiology. Results: From 189 samples we isolated 10 MRSA, an overall prevalence of 5.29% (7.95% in hospitalized patients and 2.97% among healthy volunteers) (p = 0.24). The frequency of MRSA among S. aureus was 27.77% (31.81% in hospitalized patients and 21.42% among healthy volunteers). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 100% and 66.67% resistant to norfloxacin and 57.14% and 33.33% resistant to erythromycin in patients and volunteers, respectively. However, gentamicin registered a sensitivity of 100%. Gender, age, prior antibiotic use was not associated with carrying MRSA. Conclusion: This study on the prevalence of MRSA reports worrying results. There is an urgent need to develop measures to monitor the spread of these multidrug-resistant strains.