Comparative study of clinical manifestations observed in positive patients versus negative patients to the suspected COVID-19 at the Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Abstract

Introduction: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has not spared Burkina Faso which has recorded its first cases since March 09, 2020.
Objectives : Compare the clinical manifestations observed in COVID-19 positive patients versus COVID-19 negative patients.
Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study which took place from April 05, 2020 to May 04, 2020. All patients with signs suggestive of COVID-19 received in the reception and sorting area of suspected patients of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital were included. Case definitions are those of the World Health Organization (WHO). Confirmation of the diagnosis was made in the laboratory using RT-PCR.
Results
In one month of activity in the sorting area of the Yalgado Ouédraogo CHU, 151 suspected cases of COVID-19 have been received. The COVID-19 test was positive in 14 cases, a positivity rate of 9%. The majority of patients (13/14) or 93% suffering from COVID-19 came from the city of Ouagadougou against (93/137) that is 68% of patients negative for COVID-19 (p = 0.003). Clinically, a fever with a temperature greater than 38 ° C was found in (4/14) 28.5% of COVID + patients against (47/76) 62% of COVID- patients (p = 0.013); respiratory distress was present in (4/14) 28% of COVID + patients versus (11/122) 9% of COVID- patients (p = 0.02); fourteen percent (2/14) of COVID + patients had diffuse pain compared to 2% (3/128) of COVID- patients (p = 0.04); Spo2 <95% was found in 21% (3/14) of COVID + patients against 72% (36/50) in COVID- patients (p = 0.0005).
Conclusion: COVID-19 should be considered in any patient who presents with diffuse pain, respiratory distress, with or without fever.