Hematological and biochemical profile of severe malaria in the hematology department of the national hospital Ignace Deen of Conakry

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria is a parasitic erythropathy caused by protozoa of the genus plasmodium. It is by far the most common parasitosis affecting the largest number of people and causing the most deaths. The aim of this study was to determine the hematological and biochemical abnormalities observed during severe malaria in our department.

Material and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of descriptive type with a duration of 06 months from July 1 to December 31, 2018. It concerned all patients hospitalized for severe malaria, having performed a haematological and biochemical check-up including among others haemogram, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceridemia, glycaemia, uraemia during the study period.

Results:  Out of 466 patients hospitalized in the department during the study period, 122 had a malaria frequency of 26.18%. Hematological abnormalities were dominated by anemia in 86.07%; thrombocytosis in 59.02%; hyperleukocytosis in 33.61%. The abnormalities of the biochemical balance that we found were mainly, hyper creatinemia in 54% of cases; hyper uremia in 40.98%; hyper uricemia in 32%, hypoglycemia in 13.11%; hypocholesterolemia in 11.91%.

Conclusion: Malaria is a potentially serious pathology that can have a major impact on hematological and biochemical parameters. These abnormalities were marked in our study by anemia, thrombocytopenia and hyper creatinemia.  The simultaneous or separate presence of these abnormalities associated with one or more criteria of severity should therefore raise the suspicion of severe malaria and initiate appropriate urgent therapy