Malaria in sickle cell disease major forms: epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects in the hematology department of the national teachning hospital Ignace Deen of Conakry

Abstract

Objective: To contribute to the improvement of the management of sickle cell disease associated with malaria in the hematology department of the University Hospital of Conakry by describing the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects.

Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from January 1, 2020 to June 31, 2020, on 102 patients (15 years or older) diagnosed with sickle cell disease in the Hematology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital.

Results: We reported a hospital frequency of 20.91%.  The age category 15-24 years was the most represented (48.51%) with an average of 27.17 (10.86) and extremes of 15 and 59 years. Clinically, physical asthenia (56.44%) was the most frequent reason for consultation followed by bone pain (52.48%). Only 64 patients (63.64%) had a complete blood count, of which 98.44% had hyperleukocytosis and 68.75% had a normal platelet count. The average hemoglobin level was 9.11 g/dl. The most common forms of sickle cell disease were SSFA2 (49.50%) and AS (42.50%). Treatment was based on analgesics (96.04%), hydration (85.15%), antipyretics (64.36%). After treatment, more than half (53.47%) of the cases progressed favorably.

Conclusion: Malaria is a frequent cause of consultation in sickle cell patients. Physical asthenia and vaso-occlusive crises were the frequent clinical presentations, the NFS shows a decrease in THb and an increase in the number of leukocytes. The treatment of malaria was done with Artesunate.