Metaanalysis of bacteria sensitivity to antibiotics in blood culture in Mali from 2000 to 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is a serious and common condition worldwide with high mortality and is considered as a
public health priority by the WHO. In addition, mortality attributable to resistance is estimated to be higher in
Western sub-Saharan Africa (27.3 deaths per 100 000 infections). Objective: To identify the bacteria responsible
for sepsis in Mali from 2000-2020 and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Methodology: A meta-analysis were
carried out using the databases of the digital libraries of universities from the West-Africa sub-region as well as
indexing databases such as Pub Med, Medline. Results: Seven studies on blood cultures were selected. Blood
culture positivity ranged from 7% to 38% (combined rate of 22%). The most frequently isolated bacteria were S.
pneumoniae (18%), S. enterica (11.5%) and H. influenza B (10.1%). In children, the frequency of S. enterica
decreased from 14% to 0% and Haemophilus influenza B from 12.8% to 3.2% between the periods before and
after 2008. S. pneumoniae were more susceptible to ampicillin, ceftriaxone and erythromycinel. S. enterica was
more susceptible to amikacin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and Imipenem.
H influenza B was more sensitive to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: data
from this study will contribute to better understand and manage sepsis and antibiotic resistance in Mali.