ETIOLOGIES DES INFECTIONS CHEZ LE PATIENT DIABETIQUE HOSPITALISE AU CHU DE BOUAKE (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)

Abstract

Objective: Identify the etiologies of infections and determine the risk factors for mortality in diabetics in Bouaké.
Patients and method: This was a retrospective study conducted in internal medicine from January 2020 to December 2021. The study population consisted of hospitalized and infected diabetic patients. Data analysis was done with Epi Info 7.2.3.1 software.
Results: The prevalence of infection in hospitalized diabetics was 75.1%. The average age of the patients was 52 years old. The sex ratio was 0.7. Diabetes was incidentally discovered in 50% and type 2 diabetes (88.2%) predominated. The reasons for hospitalization were dominated by ketoacidosis (58.1%), glycemic imbalance (19.1%) and hyperglycemia (10.3%). Fever was present in 41.2%. The main infections were urinary tract infections (29.4%), pneumonia (28.7%), malaria (21.3%), skin infections (13.2%) and undetermined focus (7.3%). The germs identified were plasmodium (21.3%), Escherichia coli (8.8%), staphylococcus (8.3%), yeasts (8.3%) and enterobacter (6.7%). Beta-lactams (75.6%) were the most prescribed anti-infective treatment. Mortality was 14.7% related to type 1 diabetes (p=0.001), duration of diabetes greater than 5 years (0.005), hospitalization latency greater than 7 days (p=0.001), mucocutaneous focus (p=0.005) and sepsis (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Diabetic infections are frequent and the etiologies are varied. They must be systematically sought in hospitalized diabetics.