Bacterial resibstance to antibiotics: the situation in Niger in 2022

Abstract

Introduction: According to the WHO, bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a public health problem. It is also developing in Niger. The aim of this study was to assess the situation at national level.

Methodology: A meta-analysis was performed using data collected from digital libraries, Pub Med and Google Scholar. Results: Twenty-one studies on bacterial resistance to antibiotics were selected.

Analysis showed that in Zinder, the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was 42% and 40% of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated were resistant to cefoxitin.  Among the causes identified, excessive consumption, inappropriate use and distribution through informal channels were the most frequently cited. Poor hospital hygiene, self-medication and co-morbidities were also cited as contributing factors. Poor quality of antibiotics was also mentioned. The assessment of health care workers in relation to bacterial resistance to antibiotics showed a low level of knowledge about the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, and non-recommended practices and attitudes. Finally, inadequate data were identified in the areas of animal husbandry and the environment. Conclusion: The results of this study provide a better understanding of the situation of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in Niger. It is therefore more than necessary to be aware of the seriousness of this problem, which could worsen if no control strategy is proposed. Therefore, a multisectoral national plan to combat antimicrobial resistance is needed.