Bilan de surveillance des paralysies flasques aiguës au Niger, 2012-2022

Abstract

Introduction: The acute flaccid paralysis of anterior acute poliomyelitis persists in an endemic mode in certain countries of Africa and Asia including Niger. The objective of this study was to establish an assessment of the surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in Niger from 2012 to 2022. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study covering a period of 10 years from 2012 to 2022. The study population consisted of cases of acute flaccid paralysis confirmed and notified to the Niger Epidemic Surveillance and Response Department. Results: The sample consisted of 7231 confirmed cases of acute fassic paralysis. The male gender was in the majority with 55.18% and patients under 5 years old predominated with 89.60%. The year 2018 recorded the large number of cases with 1571 cases or 21.72%. The Maradi region was the most affected with more than 2,000 cases. Asymmetry at the level of a lower limb was observed in 34.41% of cases. Poliomyelitis was confirmed in 58 patients or 0.80%, the majority of whom were children under 5 years old and 48.27% of whom had received less than 3 doses of OPV. The notification time was greater than 24 hours in 58.51% of cases. Conclusion: The study provided a better understanding of polio surveillance in Niger and an appreciation of the associated factors. Efforts still need to be made in terms of prevention, particularly the strengthening of vaccination coverage.