Prognostic factors of ischemic heart disease in immunodepressed HIV/AIDS in the infectious diseases department of point “G” University Hospital Center. Bamako, MALI.

Abstract

Introduction: The cardiovascular prognosis of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus will become an increasingly important concern for physicians treating this infection in the coming years. Ischemic heart disease results from insufficient oxygenation of the myocardium due to narrowing or occlusion of one or more coronary arteries. Objective: The work aimed to describe the prognosis of ischemic heart disease in immunocompromised HIV patients hospitalized in the infectious and tropical diseases department of the Point "G" University Hospital, Bamako, Mali. Materials and methods: This was a study of retrospective data from January 2019 to September 2019 on patients with ischemic heart disease. Results: The study involved 13 cases of ischemic heart disease out of 331 hospitalized patients, representing a hospital prevalence of 3.9%. The sex ratio was 0.86%. The most affected age group was [50-59 years]. HIV1 infection represented 84.5% of cases. Cardiovascular risk factors found outside of HIV infection were dominated by hypertension 69.2% followed by dyslipidemia and smoking with 58.9% and 38.5% respectively. The left ventricular ejection fraction was less than 50% in the majority of cases. Complications were mainly dominated by ischemic stroke and anemia with the same percentage or 46.12%. We recorded 5 deaths with a case fatality rate of 38.5% of cases. The evolution was said to be favorable in 30.8% in patients with stable heart failure, an intermediate ejection fraction and sequelae such as hemiplegia or dysarthria. Conclusion: Ischemic heart disease in HIV-infected individuals is of multifactorial origin and has a poor prognosis