ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE OF ENTEROBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM HUMAN SAMPLES AT YOPOUGON UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, 2015-2019

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the most serious threats to global health, food security, and socio-economic development of countries. The objective of our study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated at the bacteriology laboratory of the Yopougon University Hospital Center. Design: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted over a five-year period, from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019. The study population consisted of strains of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from various biological samples from patients suspected of bacterial infection, whether hospitalized or not. The analyses were performed using standard bacteriological techniques. Results: A total of 588 strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated during the study period, primarily from urine samples (56.8%), in the pediatric department, with a majority of female subjects (50.2%) aged between 0 and 14 years (41.70%). The strains exhibited resistance to: amoxicillin (94%); cefixime (58%); gentamicin (31%); ciprofloxacin (49%), except for imipenem and amikacin. Escherichia coli (45%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (25%) were the most frequently isolated species. Notably, 19.21% strains were ESBL producers. The resistance levels of hospital strains were comparable to those of community strains. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a high level ofresistance among the Enterobacteriaceae investigated against the tested antibiotics. Only imipenem and amikacin retained good antibacterial activity, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring of antibiotic resistance and rational use of antibiotics