Cervicofacial odontogenic cellulitis in pregnant women at the CHU-CNOS of Bamako

Abstract

Introduction: Cervicofacial cellulitis increases morbidity in pregnant women and is life-threatening for the mother
and fetus. Our study included 22 observations of cervico-facial cellulitis associated with pregnancy collected over
a period of 3 years. The objective of our work was to draw the attention of the health personnel and the population
on this pathology in the pregnant woman, to evaluate the mode of treatment and to determine the maternal-fetal
prognosis. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 22 cases of cervicofacial cellulitis in pregnant women of
dental origin carried out in the department of stomatology and maxillofacial surgery of the CHU-CNOS of Bamako
from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017.Results: The average age was 26.5 years with extremes from 19 to
33 years. The portal of entry was dental in all cases. On admission, 9 patients (40.9%) were referred by the
CSREFs, and 13 patients (59.1%) came on their own. The most frequent anatomo-topographic site was the perimandibular region in 12 cases (54.5%). The reason for consultation was odontalgia and swelling 72.7%. The causal
tooth was the lower 3rd molar which predominated in 9 cases (40.9%).medical treatment was carried out in 4
cases, i.e 77.3%, 10 pregnant women presented complications including 4 fetal deaths and one materno-fetal death,
One case of abortion was found i.e 4.5%, one case of cervical extension plus dyspnea, one case of cervical
extension plus metrorrhagia, one case of focus of focal encephalitis plus anemia, one case of cervical extension
plus loss of thoracic substance. Conclusion: Cervicofacial cellulitis in pregnant women remains a frequent and
serious pathology. Its prevention requires that pregnant women be made aware of oral hygiene. A dental
consultation in all pregnant women suspected of having dental caries could reduce the risk.